Summary
Place of publication:
Cl. crucif. emend. 116. 1769
Verified:
04/05/2012
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols. Note: = Cheiranthus cheiri
- Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
- Erhardt, W. et al. 2008. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen Note: = Cheiranthus cheiri L.
- Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
- FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
- Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
- Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
- Iwatsuki, K. et al. 1993-. Flora of Japan.
- Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. 1972-. Atlas florae europaeae.
- Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75
- Pajaujis Anonis, D. 1993. Flower oils and floral compounds in perfumery.
- Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia.
- Polatschek, A. 1979. Die Arten der Gattung Erysimum auf der Iberischen Halbinsel. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 82:330.
- Polatschek, A. 1994. Nomenklatorischer Beitrag zur Gattung Erysimum (Brassicaceae). Phyton (Horn) 34:191.
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2.
Common names
English
wallflower – French
giroflée – revenelle – vélard – German
Goldlack – Italian
violacciocca – Japanese Rōmaji
nioi-araseitō – Swedish
gyllenlack –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | widely cult. |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Eastern Europe | Ukraine | Krym | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | w. |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | incl. Sardinia, Sicily |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Montenegro | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | incl. Baleares |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Québec | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | Canada | Yukon | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | British Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | Tungurahua | |
6 | Other | | | | | probably arose via ancient artifical hybridization in Greece |
Cultivated
(widely cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
Asia-Temperate
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
United Kingdom, Ireland
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Netherlands, Poland
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Ukraine [Krym]
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Greece (w.), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Montenegro, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain (incl. Baleares), France, Portugal
Northern America
-
SUBARCTIC AMERICA:
Canada [Yukon]
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [Québec]
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [British Columbia]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [California]
Southern America
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Ecuador [Tungurahua]
Other
(probably arose via ancient artifical hybridization in Greece)
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Environmental | ornamental | | Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening |
Environmental | ornamental | | Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1993. Flora europaea, ed. 2. |
Materials | essential oils | though seldom used fide Dict Econ Pl, as Cheiranthus cheiri; HerbSpices, as Cheiranthus cheiri | Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2. |
Medicines | folklore | | Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs |
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network
(GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grip.mawarid.gov.om/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=318992.
Accessed 17 May 2025.