GRIP

GRIP



Taxon:  Trapa natans L.



Summary
Genus:
Trapa
Family:
Lythraceae
Nomen number:
36824
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:120. 1753
Verified:
05/05/2017 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Trapa bispinosa Roxb.
Trapa quadrispinosa Roxb.

Autonym(s)
Trapa natans L. var. natans

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Trapa bicornis Osbeck
Trapa natans L. var. bispinosa (Roxb.) Makino
Trapa natans L. var. quadrispinosa (Roxb.) Makino
Invalid Designation(s)
Trapa japonica auct.
Trapa mammillifera auct.
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  2. Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1960-. Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viet-Nam.
  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
  4. Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 178-179.
  5. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  6. Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage
  7. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  8. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960-. Flora zambesiaca.
  9. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  10. Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2
  11. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  12. Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
  13. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third.
  14. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
  15. National Plant Board. 2008-. National Plant Board federal and state quarantine summaries
  16. Personal Care Products Council. INCI
  17. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  18. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1979-1981. Flore de la Tunisie: Angiospermes-Dicotyledones.
  19. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
  20. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
  21. Steward, A. N. 1958. Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze valley.
  22. Takano, A, & Y. Kadono. 2005. Allozyme variations and classification of Trapa (Trapaceae) in Japan. Aquatic Bot. 83:108-118.
  23. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
  24. Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2.
  25. USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
  26. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
  27. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
bullnut –
water-chestnut –
English (Canada)
European water-chestnut –
French (Canada)
châtaigne d’eau –
Swedish
sjönöt –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaAngola  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMalawi  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMozambique  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZambia  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaBotswana  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaNamibia  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaKwaZulu-Natal 
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGuinea-Bissau  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaAnhui Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaFujian Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaGuangdong Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaGuangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaGuizhou Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHainan Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHebei Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHeilongjiang Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHenan Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHubei Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHunan Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaJiangsu Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaJiangxi Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaJilin Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaLiaoning Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaNei Mongol Zizhiqu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaShaanxi Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaShandong Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaSichuan Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaXinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaXizang Zizhiqu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaYunnan Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaZhejiang Sheng 
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey n.w.
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaLaos  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaVietnam  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSlovakia  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    also cult.
4Naturalized    widely natzd. elsewhere
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Tunisia
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Sudan
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Tanzania, Uganda
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Guinea-Bissau
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa [KwaZulu-Natal]
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Turkey (n.w.)
  • CAUCASUS: Georgia
  • CHINA: China [Anhui Sheng, Fujian Sheng, Guangdong Sheng, Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu, Guizhou Sheng, Hainan Sheng, Hebei Sheng, Heilongjiang Sheng, Henan Sheng, Hubei Sheng, Hunan Sheng, Jiangsu Sheng, Jiangxi Sheng, Jilin Sheng, Liaoning Sheng, Nei Mongol Zizhiqu, Shaanxi Sheng, Shandong Sheng, Sichuan Sheng, Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, Xizang Zizhiqu, Yunnan Sheng, Zhejiang Sheng]
  • EASTERN ASIA: Japan
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Pakistan
  • INDO-CHINA: Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized (widely natzd. elsewhere)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalornamental Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
Human foodstarch Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition).
Weed  Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grip.mawarid.gov.om/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=36824. Accessed 27 April 2025.