GRIP

GRIP



Taxon:  Citrus ×bergamia Risso (Citrus Bergamot Orange Group)



Summary
Genus:
Citrus
Family:
Rutaceae
Subfamily:
Aurantioideae
Tribe:
Aurantieae
Subtribe:
Citrinae
Nomen number:
10698
Place of publication:
Hist. nat. prod. Eur. mérid. 1:403. 1826
Verified:
04/21/2020 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Bayer, R. J. et al. 2009. A molecular phylogeny of the orange subfamily (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae) using nine cpDNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 96:668-685. Note: = "Citrus × limon bergamot group (Citrus × bergamia, bergamon)"
  2. Carpenter, J. B. & P. C. Reece. 1969. Catalog of genera, species, and subordinate taxa in the orange subfamily Aurantioideae (Rutaceae).
  3. Cautela, D. et al. 2008. Estimating bergamot juice adulteration of lemon juice by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of flavanone glycosides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56:5407-5414.
  4. Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. 1986-1987. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols.
  5. Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage Note: = Citrus aurantium subsp. bergamia (Risso & Poit.) Wight & Arn. ex Engl.
  6. Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications. Note: = Citrus ×bergamia Risso & Poit.
  7. Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6
  8. Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2
  9. Li, X. et al. 2010. The origin of cultivated Citrus as inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer and chloroplast DNA sequence and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism fingerprints. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 135:341-350.
  10. Mabberley, D. J. 1997. A classification for edible Citrus (Rutaceae). Telopea 7:171. Note: = Citrus ×bergamia Risso & Poit.
  11. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
  12. Oyen, L. P. A. & Nguyen Xuan Dung, eds. 1999. Essential-oil plants. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 19:83-86.
  13. Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia. Note: mentions
  14. Polat, I. et al. 2012. Molecular characterization of sour orange (Citrus aurantium) accessions and their relatives using SSR and SRAP markers. Genet. Molec. Res. 11:3267-3276. Note: this study supported Citrus aurantium as the maternal parent of C. bergamot
  15. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  16. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  17. Singh, R. & N. Nath. 1969. Practical approach to the classification of Citrus. In: H. D. Chapman (ed.), Proceedings of the First International Citrus Symposium. 1:439.
  18. Tanaka, T. 1954. Species problem in Citrus: a critical study of wild and cultivated units of Citrus, based upon field studies in their native homes. Revisio Aurantiacearum. 9:112. Note: Maruzen Co. Ltd, Tokyo.
  19. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea. Note: mentions
  20. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). Note: lists as Citrus ×bergamia Risso; = C. ×limon (L.) Osbeck
Common names
English
bergamot orange –
French
bergamotier –
bergamotte –
German
Bergamotte –
Italian
bergamotto –
Portuguese
baranjeira-bergamota –
bergamota –
Spanish
bergamoto –
Transliterated Arabic
lim meschi –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
2CultivatedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly s.
Cultivated
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Italy (s.)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Food additivesadulterantof lemon juiceCautela, D. et al. 2008. Estimating bergamot juice adulteration of lemon juice by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of flavanone glycosides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56:5407-5414.
Food additivesflavoringfor Earl Gray tea & tobaccoOyen, L. P. A. & Nguyen Xuan Dung, eds. 1999. Essential-oil plants. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 19:83-86.
Materialsessential oilsused extensively in perfumeryLeung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grip.mawarid.gov.om/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=10698. Accessed 14 May 2025.