GRIP

GRIP



Taxon:  Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd.



Summary
Genus:
Aleurites
Family:
Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily:
Crotonoideae
Tribe:
Aleuritideae
Subtribe:
Aleuritinae
Nomen number:
2191
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 4(1):590. 1805 "moluccana"
Comment:
a masculine genus according to Shenzhen ICN 62.4
Verified:
01/28/2002 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Jatropha moluccana L.

Autonym(s)
Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. var. moluccanus

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Aleurites javanicus Gand.
Aleurites pentaphyllus Wall. ex Langeron
Aleurites remyi Sherff
Aleurites trilobus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
No images


Reference(s)
  1. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). Note: lists as "moluccana"
  2. Airy Shaw, H. K. 1975. The Euphorbiaceae of Borneo. Kew Bull. add. ser., 4:29. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  3. Airy Shaw, H. K. 1980. The Euphorbiaceae of New Guinea. Kew Bull. add. ser., 35:596. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  4. Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1967-. Flore de la Nouvelle Caledonie et dependances. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  5. Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. 1963-1968. Flora of Java. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  6. Balakrishnan, N. P. & T. Chakrabarty. 2007. The family Euphorbiaceae in India; a synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography
  7. Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. 1976-. Flores des Mascareignes. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  8. Boutelje, J. B. 1980. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature Note: lists as "moluccana"
  9. Buddenhagen, C. E. et al. 2009. Assessing biofuel crop invasiveness: A case study. PLoS One 4(4):e5261. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  10. Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs Note: lists as "moluccana"
  11. Duke, J. A. 1985. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
  12. Elevitch, C. R., ed. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry (on-line resource). Note:
    • Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Holualoa, Hawai'i
    • http://www.traditionaltree.org/
  13. Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  14. Govaerts, R. et al. 2000. World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae Note: lists as "moluccana"
  15. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  16. Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
  17. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
  18. Personal Care Products Council. INCI
  19. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  20. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants Note: lists as "moluccana"
  21. Robertson, S. A. 1989. Flowering plants of Seychelles Note: lists as "moluccana"
  22. Schultes, R. E. 1987. Members of Euphorbiaceae in primitive and advanced societies. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94:80. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  23. Smith, A. C. 1979-1991. Flora vitiensis nova. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  24. Smith, R. J. Botanical beads of the world (on-line resource).
  25. Stuppy, W. et al. 1999. Revision of the genera Aleurites, Reutealis and Vernicia (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea 44:80. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  26. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  27. Verheij, E. W. M. & R. E. Coronel, eds. 1991. Edible fruits and nuts. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 2:371.
  28. Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986-2000. European garden flora. Note: lists as "moluccana"
  29. 1961. Webster's third new international dictionary.
Common names
English
candleberry –
candlenut –
candlenut-tree –
Indian-walnut –
lumbangtree –
varnishtree –
French
noyer de bancoul –
noyer des Moluques –
German
Lichtnußbaum –
Hawaiian
kukui –
Portuguese
noz-da-Índia –
Portuguese (Brazil)
nogueira-brasileira –
nogueira-da-Índia –
nogueira-de-iguape –
Spanish
calumbán –
camirio –
lumbán –
Swahili
mkaa –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChina  
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaTaiwan  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaAssam 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaKarnataka 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaKerala 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaMaharashtra 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaOdisha 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaTamil Nadu 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndiaWest Bengal 
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaCambodia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaVietnam  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
1NativeAsia-TropicalPapuasiaPapua New Guinea  
1NativeAustralasiaAustraliaAustraliaQueenslandn.
2Cultivated    widely cult. in tropics
4Naturalized    widely natzd. in tropics
6Other    exact native range obscure
Native
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China
  • EASTERN ASIA: Taiwan
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India [Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal], Sri Lanka
  • PAPUASIA: Papua New Guinea
  • INDO-CHINA: Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia [Queensland (n.)]
Cultivated (widely cult. in tropics)
Naturalized (widely natzd. in tropics)
Other (exact native range obscure)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalornamental PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). Note: lists as "moluccana"
Environmentalrevegetator PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). Note: lists as "moluccana"
Food additivesflavoring Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications. Note: lists as "moluccana"
Food additivesflavoring Verheij, E. W. M. & R. E. Coronel, eds. 1991. Edible fruits and nuts. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 2:371.
Fuelspotential as petroleum substitute/alcoholfide PloS One 4(4): e5261-4.Buddenhagen, C. E. et al. 2009. Assessing biofuel crop invasiveness: A case study. PLoS One 4(4):e5261. Note: lists as "moluccana"
Human foodseedsused to make palm sugarFacciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants Kampong Publications. Note: lists as "moluccana"
Materialsbeads Smith, R. J. Botanical beads of the world (on-line resource).
Materialslipidssource of candelnut or lumbang oil with several applications fide Bot J Linn Soc 94:314. 1987Schultes, R. E. 1987. Members of Euphorbiaceae in primitive and advanced societies. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94:80. Note: lists as "moluccana"
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs Note: lists as "moluccana"
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grip.mawarid.gov.om/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=2191. Accessed 22 May 2025.