GRIP

GRIP



Taxon:  Hedera helix L.



Summary
Genus:
Hedera
Family:
Araliaceae
Subfamily:
Aralioideae
Nomen number:
300252
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:202. 1753
Verified:
09/29/1997 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Hedera helix L. f. helix (0 active accession[s])
Hedera helix L. f. poetarum (Nyman) McAll. & A. Rutherf. (0 active accession[s])
Hedera helix L. subsp. helix (0 active accession[s])
Hedera helix L. subsp. rhizomatifera McAll. (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Hedera poetarum Bertol.
Hedera poetarum Bertol. var. poetarum
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Ackerfield, J. 2001. Trichome morphology in Hedera (Araliaceae). Edinburgh J. Bot. 58:259-267.
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
  3. Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961-. Flora of New Zealand.
  4. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
  5. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
  6. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
  7. Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
  8. Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage
  9. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  11. Foreman, D. B. & N. G. Walsh. 1993-. Flora of Victoria.
  12. Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 2004. World checklist and bibliography of Araliaceae
  13. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984-. Med-Checklist.
  14. Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
  15. Hnatiuk, R. J. 1990. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11.
  16. Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening
  17. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
  18. Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
  19. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934-1964. Flora SSSR.
  20. Krüssmann, G. 1984. Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs (English translation of Handbuch der Laubgehölze. 1976)
  21. Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
  22. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia
  23. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
  24. Meyer, F. G. et al. 1994. A catalog of cultivated woody plants of the southeastern United States
  25. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
  26. Personal Care Products Council. INCI
  27. Stace, C. 1995. New flora of the British Isles.
  28. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  29. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
  30. Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i
  31. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
  32. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
English
ivy –
German
Efeu –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia n.
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLatvia  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeLithuania  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeMoldova  
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzechoslovakia  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeIreland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. Crete
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. Corsica
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    widely cult.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia (n.), Georgia
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Czechoslovakia, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Naturalized
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, United States
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Environmentalornamental Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
Medicinesfolklore Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2 American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. 1985. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants Note: poisonous
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grip.mawarid.gov.om/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=300252. Accessed 11 May 2025.